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Reasonable Pricing Clauses: A First Step Toward Ensuring Taxpayers a Fair Return on their Public R&D Investment

Bill Of Health

Public Health Service and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) incorporated a fair pricing condition as part of cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs) between federal laboratories and private manufacturers. Moreover, the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index increased by 374% from 1995 to 2000.

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Pig Hearts for Humans and the FDA

Bill Of Health

Consequently, xenotransplantation products are usually classified as drugs, more precisely as biological products under Section 351 of the Public Health Service Act. Any live animal product, such as the pig heart in this context, relies on natural chemical processes in order to function.